Beginners guide to DIY Swimming Pool build in the UK.

Creating a DIY swimming pool in the UK can be a rewarding project, but it requires careful planning, adherence to regulations, and a realistic budget. The most popular DIY options in the UK are block and liner pools or panel and liner kits, as these are more suitable for self-build projects than concrete or fiberglass shells. 

Before you begin: The planning stage

Choose your pool type

• Block and liner: A popular and affordable choice for in-ground pools. You build the walls with concrete blocks, which are then rendered smooth before a heavy-duty vinyl liner is fitted.

• Panel and liner: These kits feature pre-manufactured polymer or steel wall panels, which are quick to erect. The liner is then installed to make the pool watertight.

• Natural swimming pond: For an eco-friendly option, consider a natural pool that uses a plant-based filtration system instead of chemicals. This involves lining a large excavated hole, and is best for a rustic look.

• Above-ground: The simplest and cheapest DIY option. For a more permanent feel, an above-ground pool can be positioned in a hole you've dug, creating a built-in effect. 

Understand UK regulations

• Planning permission: In most cases, an outdoor swimming pool is considered a "permitted development" and does not require planning permission. However, you must check local rules if your property is in a designated area like a National Park, Conservation Area, or Green Belt. Always contact your local council for confirmation.

• Proximity: An outdoor pool should typically be at least 5 metres from your house and 1 metre from a boundary line, but check specific local guidelines.

• Structures: Permitted development rights generally allow single-storey outbuildings (such as a pool hall), but they have limits on height, location, and the amount of land they can cover. Decking higher than 0.3 metres also requires planning permission.

• Building regulations: Formal building regulations approval is not typically required for outdoor pools, provided they are uncovered and do not have heated air enclosures. 

Budget and suppliers

• Cost savings: DIY kits for in-ground pools can save you thousands on installation costs compared to a professionally built pool, with prices for block and liner kits starting around £3,500.

• Supplier support: Look for specialist UK suppliers like All Swim, AG Budget, or Poolstore. Many offer free site visits to advise on your project and can create kits for non-standard pool sizes.

• Future-proofing: While it's tempting to cut costs, don't skimp on essential components like the pump and filter, as these are crucial for your pool's longevity and cleanliness. High-quality equipment can save you time and money on maintenance in the long run. 

The construction process

Site preparation

• Mark and excavate: Mark out the dimensions of your pool. For in-ground pools, excavate the hole, ensuring the sides slope for stability if building a natural pool without a steel frame. For a kit, use an excavator for quick and efficient digging.

• Foundation: Lay a concrete foundation. For a block and liner pool, this can be a simple strip around the perimeter. For other in-ground types, it's typically a reinforced concrete slab.

• Electrics: Hire a qualified electrician to safely install all wiring for your pump, filter, and any underwater lighting. Never handle these electrical tasks yourself. 

Building the shell and lining

• Kit assembly: Follow your kit's instructions for assembling the wall panels or laying the concrete blocks.

• Plumbing: Install the pipework for your filtration and circulation system at this stage.

• Liner installation: The liner is the key to waterproofing. Follow the supplier's instructions carefully to ensure a smooth, wrinkle-free fit. The liner is fitted into a plastic extrusion at the top of the pool walls. 

Finishing and landscaping

• Backfill: Once the shell is in place, backfill the gap between the pool structure and the hole with a sand and cement mixture.

• Coping and surround: Lay coping stones or decking around the pool's edge. This provides a neat, finished look and helps prevent debris from entering the water.

• Landscaping: Complete the surrounding area with paving, decking, or plants to create a comfortable, inviting space. 

After construction: Maintenance and safety

Ongoing maintenance

• Water chemistry: Regularly test and treat your pool water to ensure proper chemical balance. This protects the liner and keeps the water safe and clean.

• Equipment care: Maintain your pump and filter to ensure they operate efficiently. A well-maintained pump is crucial for effective water circulation and cleanliness.

• Covers and heating: Invest in a pool cover to conserve heat and reduce running costs. A solar cover is an affordable way to keep the water warm. 

Safety

• Pool Covers: Install a safety or slatted pool cover to keep kids and pets out of the pool, meet safety recommendations and prevent unsupervised access.

• Slip-resistant surfaces: Use non-slip materials for your decking and coping to reduce the risk of accidents.